Wall St ends lower after bank rating cuts spark wider sell-off

Traders work on the floor of the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) in New York City, U.S., July 19, 2023. REUTERS/Brendan McDermid/File photo

All three major Wall Street benchmarks finished lower on Tuesday in a broad sell-off after the downgrading of several lenders by credit rating agency Moody’s reignited fears about the health of U.S. banks and the economy.

After a five-month rally pushed the benchmark S&P 500 and Nasdaq Composite within 5 percent their lifetime highs, August has now recorded five losing sessions out of six. The S&P is down 2 percent this month, with the Nasdaq dropping 3.2 percent.

Tuesday’s decline was triggered after the agency cut ratings on 10 small- to mid-sized lenders by one notch and placed six banking giants, including Bank of New York Mellon, U.S. Bancorp, State Street and Truist Financial, on review for potential downgrades.

READ: Moody’s downgrades 10 US banks, warns of possible cuts to others

Moody’s also warned that the sector’s credit strength would likely be tested by funding risks and weaker profitability.

Market confidence in U.S. banks has been gradually returning after the failures of three lenders earlier this year, including Silicon Valley Bank, shocked the financial system.

The S&P 500 Banks index has slipped 2.5 percent year to date, compared with a 17.2-percent gain by the S&P 500, and the downgrades exposed the fragility of investors’ confidence towards financial stocks.

The banks index slid 1.1 percent on Tuesday, while the KBW Regional Banking index dipped 1.4 percent.

Big banks Goldman Sachs and Bank of America each eased around 1.9 percent, while Bank of New York Mellon dropped 1.3 percent and Truist fell 0.6 percent.

Jason Pride, chief of investment strategy and research at Glenmede, noted that Moody’s downgrades, as well as the notice given to larger banks about possible future action, were a public statement about the agency’s concerns for the health of the banking system, and how it affects the wider economy.

READ: US banks shrug off turmoil to ace Fed’s annual health checks

“I think it’s a big deal in the bigger picture of how the economy operates, because regional banks’ lending is one of the main lubricants of the economy,” he said.

“If it slows down, the engine just doesn’t work as well.”

Reaction to the bank downgrades pushed up the CBOE Market Volatility index, Wall Street’s fear gauge, at one point hitting a two-month high.

The Dow Jones Industrial Average fell 158.64 points, or 0.45 percent, to 35,314.49, the S&P 500 lost 19.06 points, or 0.42 percent, at 4,499.38 and the Nasdaq Composite dropped 110.07 points, or 0.79 percent, to 13,884.32.

Eight of the 11 major S&P 500 sectors fell. While financials was, understandably, one of the biggest decliners, materials and consumer discretionary also weighed heavily.

The energy index overcame an initial slump, caused by disappointing trade data from top-consumer China weighing on crude prices, to trade 0.5 percent higher. It rebounded along with oil prices after a U.S. government agency projected a rosier economic outlook.

Healthcare shares also advanced, supported by Eli Lilly jumping 14.9 percent to a record close on news of its upbeat quarterly profits.

Drugmakers globally rose after Denmark-based Novo Nordisk said its obesity drug, Wegovy, reduced the risk of heart disease.

Dish Network jumped 9.6 percent as the pay-TV provider disclosed plans to merge with satellite communications vendor EchoStar, which also rose 1 percent.

United Parcel Service slipped 0.9 percent after the U.S. economy bellwether cut its annual revenue forecast.

Volume on U.S. exchanges was 10.94 billion shares, in line with the average over the last 20 trading days.

The S&P 500 posted 13 new 52-week highs and 17 new lows; the Nasdaq Composite recorded 46 new highs and 195 new lows.