BENGALURU – Malaysia’s central bank will tighten its policy rate by a quarter point for the fourth time in a row on Nov. 3 as upside risks to inflation persist and to support the weakening currency, a Reuters poll showed.
Bank Negara Malaysia (BNM) started raising rates in May even though inflation was within its target range of 2-3 percent. It has since hiked rates by 75 basis points to keep inflation in check.
In September, inflation fell marginally to 4.5 percent from 4.7 percent in August but robust domestic demand and an accommodative budget pose a risk and economists said all-time high core inflation in September indicated it was sticky.
All but two of 27 economists in the Oct. 25-31 poll predicted BNM would hike its overnight policy rate by 25 basis points to 2.75 percent from 2.5 percent at its Nov. 3 meeting.
“The direction of fiscal policy measures in 2023 is still unclear,” noted Sanjay Mathur, chief economist, Southeast Asia and India at ANZ.
“Besides, the odds of the U.S. Fed delivering another 75bp hike in November have also risen. This does not bode well for the Malaysian ringgit, especially when the international reserves are also on a steady path of decline.”
The Malaysian ringgit has fallen around 12 percent this year.
Two economists – at Barclays and UOB – expected BNM to pause at the meeting given a weakening global outlook and to assess the effect of cumulative hikes.
Nearly 90 percent of economists forecast BNM will raise rates in Q1 of next year, including the two economists calling for a pause in November, giving a median forecast of 3 percent.
While 13 of 18 penciled in a 25 basis point hike in Q1, three said 50 basis points. Two economists predicted no move.
The median forecast showed the overnight policy rate would remain at 3 percent until at least the end of next year. However, beyond Q1, seven economists expected rates to go up at some point in 2023.
“As core inflation gains momentum, we continue to expect BNM to hike policy rates at consecutive meetings (25bp/meeting pace) through H1 next year, bringing the policy rate up to 3.5 percent, from 2.5 percent currently,” analysts at Goldman Sachs said.
“The evolution of subsidy policy after the elections remains a key risk – a faster shift to targeted fuel subsidies may imply higher inflation pressures, and more hawkish BNM policy outcomes than in our baseline forecasts.”
The Malaysian economy grew by 8.9 percent in the second quarter, its fastest expansion in a year, mostly driven by domestic demand and resilient exports although the momentum is unlikely to be sustained.
“Economic growth is likely to weaken considerably over the coming quarters as the boost from reopening fades and weaker external demand drags on exports,” Gareth Leather, senior Asia economist from Capital Economics, said.